Linux Training : Section 1

Module 1 - Introduction to Linux

What is Operating System ?

An Operating System (OS) is software that acts as a middleman or a bridge between computer hardware and the computer user. It provides a user interface and controls the computer hardware so that software can function.

Types of OS:

  1. Desktop Operating Systems - MS Windows, MacOS and Linux such as Ubuntu

  2. Server OS - Windows server, Linux distributions like CentOS, RedHat Enterprise Linux

  3. Mobile OS - Android, iOS, Windows

  4. Embedded OS used in devices like routers, smart TVs, automobiles, home appliances etc.

  5. Real-Time OS (RTOS) used in critical systems like medical equipment, car ECUs, aerospace, defense, network firewalls, home security etc.

What is Linux ?

Basically, Linux is a free and open source OS. It is very popular for its stability, security and flexibility. It can be modified and distributed by anyone, which has led to many different versions, knows as “Distributions“, and each distribution is tailored for different uses.

Its Open-Source nature means that a community of developers and users contribute to its development.

Some of the main features are-

  1. Widely used in serves and cloud computing

  2. Free software philosophy

  3. Strong Command Line Interface

  4. Faster processing

  5. Enhanced Security

  6. Customization because of open-source nature

  7. Community support

  8. Understanding of other OS

Linux Flavors-

“Linux Flavors“ = “Linux Distributions“ = or “distros“ for short

  • Ubuntu

  • Fedora

  • Debian

  • Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL)

  • CentOS

  • Arch Linux

  • openSUSE

  • Linux Mint

  • Gentoo

  • Slackware

  • Alpine Linux

  • Kali Linux